Carbureter.



J. W. PARKIN.

GARBURETBR.

APFLIOATION FILED APILZ, 1909.

Patented Aug. 30, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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OARBURBTBB..

APrLwATIoN FILED Ar.z,19 o9.

Patented Aug. 30, 1910.l

INVENTDR WITNESSES ATTORNEY UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.

JOSEPH W. PARKIN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CARBURETER.

To all whom t may concern:

' Be it known that I, JOSEPH W. PARKIN, citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCarbureters, of which the following is a specification.

' This invention relates to carbureters for explosive engines.

The object of my invention is to provide, in a carbureter, a simple andeiiicient construction and organization of parts whereby oil may bevaporized and commingled with air, and the explosive mixture ofvaporized oil and air supplied to the engine during the operationthereof.

The invention also includes a novel means whereby the desired quantityof air may be supplied to the explosive mixture at different speeds ofthe engine; a novel means of regulating the supply of vaporized oil tothe explosive mixture; and various novel adjustments of the partswhereby advantages are attained, all as will be hereinafter describedand particularly claimed.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved carbureter. Fig.2 is a vertical section thereof on line 2 2 `of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is adetail in section on line 3--3 of Fig. 1, showing the arm of one of thespringadjusting collars and the cam with which it cooperates. Fig. t isa horizontal section on line M of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is an elevation of thevcarbureter as seen from the left hand side of Fig. 2.

5 designates a mixing chamber in which the vaporized oil and air arecommingled in forming the explosive mixture to be supplied to theengine. The mixing chamber 5 is provided with an outlet opening 6therein into which extends the lower open end of an outlet pipe 7. Theupper end of the outlet pipe 7 is provided with a flange 8 by means `ofwhich the outlet pipe may be secured to an explosive engine with theupper open end of the pipe 7 in registry with the passageway of theengine leading to the cylinder or cylinders thereof for the purpose ofsupplying the explosive mixture thereto.

During the operation of the engine, the

piston in the cylinder thereof is reciprocated, and at certain intervalscommunication is established between the pipe 7 and the cylinder of theengine whereby, during the movement of the piston within the cylin-Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 2, 1909.

Patented Aug. 3o, 1910.

Serial N o: 487,490.

der, a charge of the explosive mixture is drawn from the mixing chamber6 into the engine cylinder and is thereafter ignited to effect t-heoperation of the engine.

The construction of an explosive engine and its operation in drawing anexplosive mixture from a carbureter is common and well known, and nodetailed description of the construction or operation thereof is deemednecessary herein.

The upper portion of the mixing chamber 5 surrounds the outlet pipe 7and is provided with projecting lugs 9 and 10 having a spacetherebetween; and forming a clamp embracing the pipe 7. Extendingthrough the lug 10 and screwed into the lug 9 is a screw 11 having ahead engaging the lug 10 by means of which the lugs 9 and 10 may bedrawn toward each other and the clamp tightened upon the pipe 7.

The mixing chamber 5 is provided with a lateral extension 12 having acircular opening in the upper portion thereof into which is fitted aring 13 within which a valve opening 14 is formed to affordcommunication between the mixing chamber 5 and the open air. The ring 13is provided with a valve seat 15 and a circular iiange 16 having atapering inner wall which extends downwardly and outwardly from thevalve seat 15. The upper portion of the extension 12 of the mixingchamber is provided with project-ing lugs 17 and 18 having a spacetherebetween and through which extends a screw 19 by means of which thelugs 17 and 18 may be drawn toward each other to clamp the ring 13within the upper portion of the extension 12. Thus the ring 13 forms ineffect a part of said extension.

Closing the valve opening 14 is an inwardly opening valve 20 comprisinga disk 21 fitted to the valve seat 15, an upwardly projecting stem 22and a head 23a on the upper end of the stem 22. The stem 22 is fitted toa guide tube 23 which projects upwardly from arms 24 formed on andextending inwardly from the ring 13. Thus the stem 22 is guided by thetube 23 to maintain the disk 21 in line with the valve seat 15 andpermit it to be moved into and from engagement therewith. Surroundingthe Atube"20 and valve stem 22 is a collar 25.

and interposedV between the upper end of the collar 25 and the head 23aon the valve stem is a spring 26 which. encircles said stem. Surroundingthe stem 22, the tube 23, and

the collar 25 is a collar 27 between which and the head 23a isinterposed a spring 28 which encircles the spring 26 and the valve stem22.

Projecting outwardly from the collar 25 is an arm 29 which extends overand engages an inclined cam 30, the upper face of which is soclreted andextends around a portion of the ring 13. It will thus be seen that byturning the arm 29 about the axis of the valve stem 22 the collar 25 maybe adjusted longitudinally of the stem toward and from the head 23athereon.

Projecting outwardly from the collar 27 is an arm 31 which extends overand engages an inclined cam 32, the upperface of which is serrated andextends around a portion of the ring 13. It will thus be seen that byturning the arm 31 about the axis of the valve stem 22 the collar 27 maybe adjusted longitudinally of the stem toward and from the head 23Lthereon. In order to hold the arm 29 in engagement with the cam 30 andthe arm 31 in engagement with the cam 32, I provide each arm with a bossor vertical extension 33 having an opening 34 therein in which isarranged a ball 35 which is pressed downwardly into engagement with theserrations in the underlying cam by the action of a spring 36 arrangedwithin the opening 34. When the arm 29 is in engagement with the lowerportion of the cam 30, the upper end of the spring 26 is below the head23a; and in any position of the arm 31 with respect to the cam 32, thespring 28 is acting between the collar 27 and head 23EL to maintain thevalve 2() normally in the closed position from which it may be moved toopen the valve against the action of the spring 28. By adjusting the arm31 upon the cam 32, the collar 27 may be moved toward and from the head23 in a manner to regulate or vary the pressure of the spring 28 for apurpose herein' after explained. By adjusting -the arm 29 upon the cam30, the collar 25 may be moved toward and from the head 23a in a mannerto move the spring 26 into engagement with the head 23a and also to varythe pressure of the spring 26 against the head 23a after it has beenmoved into engagement therewith for a purpose hereinafter described;

The mixing chamber 5 is provided with a downwardly extending tubularportion 37 having an open bottom which affords communication between themixing chamber 5 and the open air. Arranged laterally of the tubularportion 37 is an oil chamber 38 provided with a clamp 39 which embracesthe tubular portion 37 of the mixing chamber and is clamped thereon. Theclamp 39 comprises a pair of arms 40 which are engaged by a suitablescrew 41 in a manner to draw the arms 40 toward each other to tightenthe clamp upon the tubular portion 37. By

loosening the screw 41 the clamp 39 and therewith the oil chamber 38 maybe adjusted circularly about the tubular portion 37 and alsolongitudinally thereof. In order to limit the extent of the forwardad'ustnient of the clamp 39 longitudinally o the tubular portion 37, Iprovide the clamp 39 with an adjustable screw 53 which is arranged toengage a flange 54 on the mixing chamber 5.

The oil chamber 38 is provided with a lateral extension 42 which extendsto and occupies a position directly beneath the open bottom of thetubular portion 37. Screwed into the extension 42 is a nozzle 43, theupper discharge end of which extends into the end portion of the tubularportion 37. The lower end of the nozzle 43 opens into a passageway 44leading through the extension 42 and opening into the interior of thelower portion of the oil chamber 38, thus establishing communicationbetween the nozzle 43 and the oil chamber 38. Formed on the extension 42of the oil chamber 38 is an outwardly and upwardly extending flange 45forming a cup which surrounds the nozzle 43 for a purpose hereinafterexplained. The oil chamber 38 is provided with an oil inlet opening 46arranged to be closed by a valve head 47 provided with a stem 48 whichextends upwardly through the oil chamber 38 and out through a guideopening 49 in the cap or cover 50 for the oil chamber 38. A portion ofthe stem 48 is screw-threaded, and screwed on to this portion of thestem is a head 56 carrying a suitable float 51 which surrounds the stem48 within the chamber 38. By turning the float 51 it may be adjustedvertically upon the stem 48. A suitable jam nut 57 is screwed on to thestem 48 and is adapted to engage the head 56 to lock the float 51 inpositions of adjustment.

The oil is supplied to the inlet opening 46 through a suitable pipe 52which leads to any suitable source of oil supply, and a constant head ofoil is maintained at the inlet opening 46 from said source of supply,and a predetermined level of oil is maintained wit-hin the chamber 38and nozzle 43 by the automatic action of the float 51 rising and fallingwithin the chamber and closing the inlet opening 46 the instant the oilWithin the chamber 38 reaches the desired level, and openingthe inletopening 46 the instant the oil within the chamber 38 drops below thedesired level. Thus a constant level of oil is maintained within thechamber 38, which level is directly below the discharge end of thenozzle 43, and therefore a constant level of oil is maintained at thedischarge end of the nozzle 43. By adjusting the float 51 upon the stem48 the parts may be set to maintain any desired oil level within thechamber 38 and nozzle 43.

The operation of the carbureter is as follows :-As the explosive enginedraws a charge of the explosive mixture from the mixing chamber 5 by theaction of the piston in the cylinder of the engine tending to create avacuum therein, a quantity of air is drawn into the mixing chamberthrough the lower open end of the tubular extension 37 thereof, and atthe same time a-quantity of oil is drawn into the mixing chamber 5 fromthe discharge end'of the nozzle 43 and is at the same time vaporized bythe action of the air entering the mixing chamber. While the air and oilare being drawn into the mixing chamber 5 as just described, ad ditionalair is being drawn into the chamber 5 through tlie valve opening 14, theaction of the piston in tending to create a vacuum in the cylinderdrawing the disk 21 of the valve 2O away from its seat against theaction of one or both of the springs 26 and 28. Thus the requiredexplosive mixture of vaporized oil and air is supplied to the engineduring the operation thereof.

During the operation of the engine, the greater the speed thereof, thegreater is the tendency of the piston to create a vacuum in the cylinderin drawing in the explosive charge, and therefore, in order to preserveas nearly as possible the proper proportion of mixture of vaporized oiland air, the two springs 26 and 28 are provided, which may be adjustedto vary the spring pressure acting upon the valve 20 to hold it againstits seat. That is to say, if it be desired to run the engine at a slowspeed, the arm 29 will be adjusted to the low part of the cam 30 to movethe spring 26 out of engagement with the head 23 and the arm 29 will beadjusted upon the cam 32 to a position in which it will cause the spring28 to exert the proper amount of pressure upon the valve 20 to producethe proper explosive mixture for the desired speed of the engine. IVhen,however, it is desired to run the engine at high speed, the arm 29 isadjusted in respect to the cam 30 not only to bring the spring 26 intoengagement with the head 23a but also to bring it into engagement withthe head with sufficient pressure, which, in conjunction with thepressure of the spring 28, will resist the tendency to open the valve 20sufficiently to prevent the engine at high speed from drawing an excessamount of air into the explosive mixture through the valve opening 14.It will thus be seen that by the employment of the springs 26 and 28,and their co-acting parts, a wide range of adjustment of the pressureagainst the valve 20 `is obtained, and that the arm 29 may be adjustedupon the cam 30 to provide the required pressure for the desired highspeed, and the arm 31 adjusted in respect to the cam32 to produce therequired pressure for the desired low speed.

The quantity of air drawn into the open bottom of tlie tubular extensionof the mixing chamber 5 controls the amount of oil that is drawn fromthe nozzle 43 into each explosive charge; or, in other words, itcontrols the richness of the mixture of vaporized oil and air. It willthus be seen that by loosening the screw 41 of the clamp 39, the oilchamber 38 and therewith the extension 44 may be adjusted to move saidextension toward or from the open bottom of the tubular portion 37. Thusthe carbureter may be nicely adjusted to regulate the quan` tity of oildrawn intothe explosive mixture.

After the extension 44 has been properly adjusted with respect to theopen bottom of the tubular portion 37, the screw 53 is adjusted intoengagement with the flange 54, thus insuring a proper setting of the oilchamber 38 after it has been removed from the tubular portion 37. Inother words, by loosening the clamp 39, the oil chamber 38 may beremoved from the tubular portion y37 of the mixing chamber for anydesired purpose, and when it is re-applied thereto the screw 53 cominginto engagement with the flange 54 insures the proper adjustment of theextension 44 of the oil chamber with relation to the open bottom of thetubular portion 37 In priming the explosive engine, the valve stem 48may be raised by hand until a quantity of oil flows from the nozzle 43into the cup 45, from which it may be vaporized and drawn into themixing chamber 5 until tlie engine gets under way or automatically drawsthe required quantity of oil from the nozzle 43 by the drawing of airinto and through the tubular portion 37 In order that my improvedcarbiireter may be applied to explosive engines not originally designedto receive a carbureter of this particular type, the adjustment of themixing chamber 5 circularly about the outlet pipe 7 and the adjustmentof the oil chamber. 38 circularly about the tubular portion 37 of themixing chamber 5, enables me first to secure the outlet pipe 7 to theexplosive engine, and then to so adjust the mixing chamber 5 withrelation to the pipe 7 and oil chamber 38 as to clear any other parts ofthe engine in the vicinity of the pipe 7 I claim l. In a carbiireter thecombination of a mixing chamber having an outlet opening therein andprovided with a portion having a valve opening therein affordingoommunication between the open air and the chamber, an inwardly openingvalve closing said valve opening, a spring arranged to press said valveagainst its seat, av secondl spring surrounding' the first named springarranged to press said valve against its seat, means for adjust-ing thepressure of said springs independently of each other, and an oil supplynozzle having communication with said chamber. j

2. In a carbureter the combination of a mixing chamber having an outletopening therein and provided with a portion having a valve openingtherein afordin communication between the open air an the chamber, aninwardly opening valve closing said valve opening, a spring arranged topress said valve against its seat, a second spring surrounding the firstnamed spring normally out of engagement with said valve and positionedto be engaged by said valve when said valve is opened to a predeterminedposition, means for adjusting said second spring into engagement withsaid valve without adjusting the irst named spring, and an oil su plynozzle having communication with sai chamber.

3. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having an outletopening therein and provided with a ortion having a valve openingtherein aifor in communication between the open air an the chamber; aninwardly o ening valve closing said valve opening, sai valve including astem projecting through and above said opening; a 4spring above saidopening and arranged to press said valve toward its seat; a secondspring above said opening and arranged to press said valve toward itsseat; means above said opening for adjusting the pressure of saidsprings independently of each other; and an oil supply nozzle havingcommunication with said chamber.

4l. In a carbureter the combination of a mixing chamber havin an outletopening therein and provided with a portion having a valve openingtherein aiording communication between the open air and the chamber, aninwardly opening valve closing said valve opening, said valve includinga stem having a head thereon, a collar surrounding said stem, a springinterposed between said head and said collar, a second collarsurrounding said stem, a spring interposed between said head and saidsecond collar, means for adjusting said collars longitudinally of thestem independently of each other, and an oil supply nozzle havingcommunication with said chamber.

5. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having an outletopening therein and provided with a portion having a valve openingtherein affording communication between the open air and the chamber, aninwardly opening valve closing said valve opening, said valve includinga stem having a head thereon, a guide-tube for said stem, a collarsurrounding said tube, aspring interposed between said head and saidcollar, a second collar surrounding the first named collar, a springinterposed between said head and said second collar, means for adjustingsaid collars longitudinally of the stem independently of each other, andan oil supply nozzle having communication with said chamber.

6. In a carbureter the combination of a mixing chamber havin an outletopening therein and provided with a portion having a valve openingtherein affording communication between the open air and the chamber, aninwardly opening valve closing said valve opening, said valve includinga stem having a head thereon, a collar surroundin said stem, a springinterposed between sai head and said collar, an inclined, serrated cam,an arm projecting from said collar and engaged with said cam, and an oilsupply nozzle having communication with said chamber.

7. In a carbureter the combination of a mixing chamber having an outletopening therein and provided with a portion having a valve openingtherein affording communication between the open air and the chamber, aninwardly o ning valve closing said valve opening, sai valve including astem having a hea thereon, a collar surrounding said stem, a springinterposed between said head and said collar, an inclined serrated cam,an arm projecting from said collar and engaged with said cam, a secondcollar surrounding said stem, a spring interposed between said head andsaid second collar, a second inclined, serrated cam, an arm projectingfrom said second collar and engaged with said second cam, and an oilsupply nozzle having communication with said chamber.

8. In a carbureter the combination of a mixing chamber having an outletopening therein and provided with a portion having a valve openingtherein affording communication between the open air and the chamber, aninwardly opening valve closing said valve opening, said valve includinga stem having a head thereon, a collar surrounding said stem, a springinterposed between said head and said collar, an inclined, serrated cam,an arm projecting from said collar and having an opening therein, a ballwithin said opening and engaged with said cam, a spring pressing saidball against said cam, and an oil supply nozzle having communicationwith said chamber.

9. In a carbureter the combination of a mixing chamber havin an outletopening therein and provided with a tubular portion having an openbottom affording communication between said chamber and the open air, anoil chamber having a part extendin to a position below the open bot-tomof sai tubular portion, said chamber havin an oil inlet opening therein,means for a justing said chamber longitudinally of said tubular portion,an oil supply nozzle opening into said tubular portion and communicating'lio @weer with said oil chamber, and means for controlling the supplyof oil to said nozzle.

l0. In a carbureter the combination of a mixing chamber having an outletopening therein and provided with a tubular portion having an openbottom affording communication between said Chamber and the open air, anoil chamber having a part extending to a position below the open bottomof said tubular portion, said chamber having an oil inlet openingtherein, means for adjusting said chamber longitudinally of andcircularly about said tubular portion, an oil supply nozzle opening intosaid tubular portion and communicating with said oil chamber, and meansfor controlling the supply of oil to said nozzle.

1l. In a carbureter the combination of a mixing chamber having an outletopening therein and provided with a tubular portion having an openbottom affording cmiiilihi cation between said chamber and the open air,an oil chamber having a part extending to a position below the openbottom of said tubular portion, said chamber having an oil inlet openingtherein and being provided with a clamp embracing said tubular portion,an oil supply nozzle opening into said tubular portion in a manner topermit said chamber to be adjusted longitudinally of said tubularportion and communicating with said oil Chamber, and means forcontrolling the supply of oil to said nozzle.

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH w. PARKIN.

Witnesses:

S. I. HARPER, E. M..WARE.

